WEEK 5 Blogging Question 6: Page 138 Q 3&Q 5

3. You have been assigned to design and produce the audio portions of a multimedia project. The program will be delivered on a CD-ROM, and video clips will take up most of the CD. You have only 50MB of storage space to store 20 one-minute clips of speech, 10 songs averaging three minutes long, and a background sound loop. What sampling rates and depths should you use for the speech, for the music, and for the background sound? Why?

I would decide to use the mp3 format for my entire audio file in the video clip as it has been compressed while able to maintain the sound quality. For the speech part, I would like to use 96 kbps bit rate, for the music and use 128kbps bit rate as the sound quality is near the CD quality. Finally, for the background loop song, I would choose 128kbps bit rate!

Speech (20)

60 seconds * 96 kbps = 5760 kilobits of data

5760/8 = 720kb (0.72mb)

0.72 * 20 = 14.4mb

Music (10)

180 seconds * 128kbps = 23040kilobits of data

23040/8 = 2880kb (2.88mb)

2.88 * 10 = 28.8mb

Background song

300 seconds * 128kps = 38400 kilobits of data

38400/8 = 4800kb (4.8mb)

Total: 14.4+28.8+4.8 = 48mb

5. List the steps you would go through to record, edit and process a set of sound files for inclusion on a web site. How would you digitally process the files to ensure they are consistent, have minimum file size, and sound their best?

(a)    Steps

Step1: The file size (in bytes) of a digital recording is sampling rate * duration of recording in seconds * (bit resolution/8) * number of tracks (1 for mono, 2 for stereo).

Step2: Consumer-grade audio compact discs are recorded in stereo at sampling rate of 44.1 kHz and a 16-bit resolution. Other sampling rates include 22.05 and 11 kHz, at either 16 or bites.

Step3: Digital audio is not device dependent, and sounds the same every time it is played. For this reason digital audio is used far more frequently than MIDI data for multimedia sound tracks. You can digitize sounds from any source, live or prerecorded.

Step4: When recording (digitizing) audio, it’s important to keep the recording level near the maximum without going over it.

Step5: Important steps in digital sound editing include removing blank space from the start and end of a recording and normalizing the sound to bring all clips to approximately the same level.

Step6: The native sound file formats for most Macintosh sound editing software are the SND and AIF formats, and most authoring systems will read these formats. In Windows, the native sound file format for most editing software is a WAV file.

Step7: Many audio editors provide tools such as re-sampling fade-ins and –outs, equalization, time stretching, various digital signal processing effects, and reversing sounds.

Step8: The value of each sample is rounded off to the nearest integer (quantification), and the preparation and programming required for creating digital audio do not demand knowledge of music theory.

(b)   Determine the best & minimize files:

MIDI scores require sequencer software and a sound synthesizer. The General MIDI format standardizes a set of MIDI instruments, ensuring that the MIDI sequence is played correctly. Streaming files begin playing when part of the file has been buffered into the computer’s memory and are dependent upon connection speed. Adobe’s Flash provides powerful tools for integrating and streaming sounds, including the MP3 format. Apples’ QuickTime is a file format that, among other capabilities, enables digital audio to be interleaved with video information.

Page 66 Q 4 & Q 5

4. Discuss the difference among multimedia, interactive multimedia, hypertext, and hypermedia.

Multimedia is defined as the combination of different media elements such as text, pictures, sound and movie etc...

In interactive multimedia, the user or operator is able to interact with the computer directly. (Eg: computer games, interactive websites, multimedia presentations or interactive Cod’s etc..)

Hypertext is basically the same as regular text - it can be stored, read, searched, or edited - with an important exception: hypertext is text with pointers to other text. The browsers let you deal with the pointers in a transparent way -- select the pointer, and you are presented with the text that is pointed to.

Hypermedia is a super set of hypertext. Hypermedia documents contain links not only to other pieces of text, but also to other forms of media - sounds, images, and movies. Images themselves can be selected to link to sounds or documents. This means that browsers might not display a text file, but might display images or sound or animations. Hypermedia simply combines hypertext and multimedia.

5.Your boss wants you to create a hypermedia system for Web visitors to find technical support information about your company. What are some of the implications in creating this system? Should you hand -build the links or use an automatic indexing system? Why?

Since the internet market is constantly evolving, a company possessing a hypermedia system can elevate the accessibility power to its customer respectively.  Hypermedia system benefits a company in term of advertising, marketing strategies, and improves the overall core business as well. The reason is company can utilize it’s to tailors customer needs and wants by providing hyperlink that are most relevant to their customer. In my opinion, I will prefer using automatic indexing system which are more cost effectiveness and efficiency than the manually hand build indexing. Besides that, most of the time a highly structure hypermedia system not developed by one indexer only, it should require more indexer to complete it. Therefore, automatic indexing system will be more appropriate compare to the manually indexing due to the inconsistency of trained indexers may affect the indexing outcome. 

Lab Test - Text

What had you learn for today?

At the today's class, I learned how to use the Microsoft word to create a poster for Firefox which is an open source software. 

Lab Test-IMAGE

Photo 1: help remove the mole on his face.

                                      Before

After

Photo 2: Lady is regarded to have a tattoo on his arm. help to remove the tattoo.

                                                                            Before

                                                                             After

Photo 3: This Holloman had forgotten to take up the sunglasses. Please help him to solve the problem

                                                                            Before

                                                                             After

I learned that Paint can do editing of picture. However, Paint is not a good software for photo editing, because of the poor editing result. I would prefer using other software that gives me more prefect editing result than Paint. However, thanks to this lab test, I now know that Paint also can do editing of pictures if there is not software available.

Tutorial 1

Q1. Briefly discuss the history and future of multimedia. How might multimedia be used to improve the lives of its users? How might it influence uses in negative ways? What might be its shortcomings?

Multimedia is a media which combine of text, audio, images, animation and video. The word multimedia was created in 1966. Multimedia instruments have evolved from text, audio, telecommunication devices, video, animation and more. In terms of multimedia's future, multimedia has great impact on us especially for our daily activities, public and social activities. So, multimedia does improve society's lifestyle even better by providing news, entertainments, inter-reactions and many more.

However, multimedia also do influence users in negative ways. Because multimedia has created convenience and ease of use to users, people apply multimedia in wrong ways, such as, privacy violation, public insult and many more that multimedia can edit or create from to hurt people and create false information. As for multimedia's shortcomings, multimedia also can be misuse by many companies to get something they want.

Q2. Multimedia is shifting from being localized (contained on a CD-ROM) to being distributed (available on the World Wide Web). What are some of the implications of this? Who will have access to the presentation? How will you keep it secure? How will you distribute it?

Multimedia needs huge amount of space or storage to store or retrieve. CD-ROM or compact disc read-only memory has become more cost effective distribution item for multimedia project other then DVD-ROM. A CD-ROM disc manage and automate every aspect of your business all within a single solution.

other than that, it allows people around the world to have access to multimedia. we can keep it secure with access ID and password and even with antivirus software. by World Wide Web, we can distribute multimedia even faster and with lowest cost and for even better is to advertise and promote on the social networking webs to get the efficiency and effectiveness of the distribution.